La rue pavoisée, 1906
Oil on canvas
With its brilliant color brushed straight from the tube, or heightened with white, and a composition constructed on a stark white ground from the contrasts between these vivid tonalities, Dufy's La rue pavoisée defines the very essence of Fauve painting. It was, in fact, painted at the very height of the artist's affiliation with this radical movement, the first ground-breaking stylistic "-ism" in 20th century art.
Before 1905 Dufy had been an Impressionist, rendering the subtle nuances of the northern light around Le Havre, his hometown, in muted, pastel tones, as Boudin and Monet, two other natives of Le Havre, had done before him. It came as a revelation to Dufy when he viewed Matisse's neo-Impressionist Luxe, calme et volupté (Musée National d' Art Moderne, Paris) in March 1905 at the 21ème Salon des Indépendants. He later recalled how he then grasped "all the new reasons for painting. I understood instantly the new pictorial mechanics" (quoted in J. Freeman, The Fauve Landscape, exh. cat., The Los Angeles County Museum of Art, 1990, p. 68).
In mid-July Marquet joined Dufy in Le Havre, where they stayed at the H?tel du Ruban Bleu on the Place d'Armes. There they celebrated Le 14 Juillet, Bastille Day, and Dufy commenced a series of thirteen paintings, Les rues pavoisées ("The Streets Decked with Flags"). While painted fully in the Fauve manner, these pictures are sufficiently descriptive enough that we are able to tell that the skies were overcast that day in Le Havre, and, from the umbrellas carried by passers-by, that it rained on at least some of their festivities. La rue pavoisée shows the buildings, perhaps those across the street from Dufy's hotel room, festooned with flags of France and other European nations, although the artist has taken some liberties with their national colors. The view has been described from a very close vantage point, with the result that the composition is the most radically flat and closely cropped in the series. Dora Perez-Tibi has written, "[Dufy] kept creating new variations on the subject like a composer constantly repeating his melodic phrase. This procedure reveals his full control of his means: he gives free rein to his lyricism in order to transpose reality to the advantage of his poetic and visual imagination. From this point onwards, Dufy's work exhibits a tendency in common with the Fauves: rather than painting a favorite theme from life, he will be able to paint it in his studio, allowing his imagination to recreate it" (in Dufy, New York, 1989, pp. 29-30).
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